Hydrostatic pressure
| Theory |
Problem solving |
Experiment |
| Properties of fluids |
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| Liquid is incompressible |
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Student experiment I: Water is incompressible – let’s try to compress water and air in a closed-ended syringe. |
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Teacher experiment II: Pressure of water – three holes on a plastic bottle in a column; observing the ways of the flowing water. |
| Introduction to the concept of hydrostatic pressure |
Formula and its deduction; Calculating hydrostatic pressure based on the experiment |
Student experiment II: Examination a glass cylinder with elastic bottom in various situation: 1. putting the empty cylinder in a bowl of water 2. filling the cylinder with water; 3. filling the cylinder with water and putting it in a bowl of water |
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Teacher experiment IV – a version of the previous one, demonstrating the pressure exerting upwards: putting a plate over the cylinder top, then dipping it into a bowl of water, filling the cylinder with coloured water. |
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Worksheet: comparison of pressure in water tanks with various shapes |
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Calculation:1. pressure: pressure exerting on feet and arms in a swimming pool; 2. floating liquids: comparing the pressure of oil or mercury with that of water at the same height;
Worksheet 3: Calculating h in sea |
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| Law of Pascal |
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Teacher experiment V: water mace |
Communicating vessels
| Theory |
Problem solving |
Experiment |
| Liquids take on the shape of container;
Level of water;
Notion of communicating vessel
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Student experiment I: two plastic bottles, water in one, and a piece of hose; getting the water from one to the other, while changing the height of the bottles |
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Student experiment II: a piece of hose as communicating vessel |
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Teacher experiment III: demonstration of a communicating vessel |
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Worksheet: finding communicating vessels |
Student experiment IV. measuring pressure with manometer in various water depths |
| Manometer |
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Teacher experiment IV: manometer with mercury and water |
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Calculating pressure in the branches of the manometer based on the experiment |
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